Abductive reasoning Another form of scientific reasoning that doesn’t fit in with inductive or deductive reasoning is abductive. Abductive reasoning usually starts with an incomplete set of observations and proceeds to the likeliest possible explanation for the group of observations, according to Butte College. It is based on making and testing hypotheses using the best […]

Inductive reasoning Inductive reasoning is the opposite of deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning makes broad generalizations from specific observations. Basically, there is data, then conclusions are drawn from the data. This is called inductive logic, according to Utah State University. “In inductive inference, we go from the specific to the general. We make many observations, discern a […]

Deductive reasoning Deductive reasoning is a basic form of valid reasoning. Deductive reasoning, or deduction, starts out with a general statement, or hypothesis, and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion, according to California State University. The scientific method uses deduction to test hypotheses and theories. “In deductive inference, we hold a theory and […]

Psychologists Martin Seligman and Steven Maier observed a peculiar phenomenon in their 1967 laboratory—some dogs who had previously been given control over being electrically shocked were the same dogs who, when given an opportunity, would escape the shock in a second scenario. Other dogs that had been given no control over being shocked were now the dogs […]

Learned helplessness: A condition in which a person suffers from a sense of powerlessness, arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed. It is thought to be one of the underlying causes of depression. Learned helplessness is the belief that our own behaviour does not influence what happens next; that is, behaviour does […]

You can expect atleast one question from this topic There are many ways that you can encourage a safe learning place for your students, and resolving conflict in your classroom is one of the most important tools you have. Through conflict management techniques, you can ensure your classroom remains a positive environment focused on learning, […]

Core curriculum The body of knowledge, skills and attitudes expected to be learned by all students, generally related to a set of subjects and learning areas that are common to all students, such as languages, mathematics, arts, physical education, science and social studies. Competency-based curriculum A curriculum that emphasizes the complex outcomes of a learning […]

Equilibrium State of being able to explain new events with existing schemes. Encoding Changing the format of information being stored in memory in order to remember it more easily. Disequilibrium Inability to explain new events with existing schemes; tends to be accompanied by a sense of discomfort. Scheme In Piaget’s theory, organized group of similar […]

Major theories and models of learning Several ideas and priorities, then, affect how we teachers think about learning, including the curriculum, the difference between teaching and learning, sequencing, readiness, and transfer. The ideas form a “screen” through which to understand and evaluate whatever psychology has to offer education. As it turns out, many theories, concepts, […]

Learning Theories Learning theories are an organized set of principles explaining how individuals acquire, retain, and recall knowledge. By studying and knowing the different learning theories, we can better understand how learning occurs. The principles of the theories can be used as guidelines to help select instructional tools, techniques and strategies that promote learning. Three […]