View All Theories Operant Conditioning. Operant conditioning is based on Thorndike’s “Law of Effect” (1898), in which it is proposed that behaviours that are followed by positive responses are likely to be repeated and those that are followed by negative responses, not repeated. Skinner refined the Law of Effect by Read more…
View All Theories In 1985 Dugan Laird stated in his book ” Approaches to Training and Development ” that learning occurs when the senses are stimulated. He quoted research that found that 75% of an adult’s knowledge was obtained by seeing. 13% was through hearing, the remaining 12% was learned Read more…
View All Theories The Peter Principle was developed by American educational theorist Laurence Peter and was explained in the book “The Peter Principle” that Peter wrote with his colleague, Raymond Hull. Originally the book was supposed to be a satirical view on how people are promoted in organisations but it Read more…
View All Theories David Kolb, an American education theorist proposed his four-stage experiential learning theory in 1984. It is built on the premise that learning is the acquisition of abstract concepts which can then be applied to a range of scenarios. “Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created Read more…
View All Theories Erik Erikson was a stage theorist who developed Freud’s “Psychosexual Theory” and adapted it into a psychosocial (having both psychological and social aspects) theory encompassing eight stages. According to Erikson, we experience eight stages of development during our life span. Within each stage, there is a dilemma Read more…
View All Theories Howard Gardner is an American developmental psychologist and professor of cognition and education at the Harvard graduate school at Harvard University. He studied under Erik Ericson (Below) and Jerome Bruner (above). He published “Frames of Mind” in 1983, in it, he laid out his theory of “multiple Read more…
View All Theories (Memorize this order, one will be missing, you have to place in proper order in test) The basic premise for Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is that students progress through a set of sequential needs from psychological to self-actualisation. As they move up through the levels, they feel Read more…
View All Theories Bruner’s Spiral Curriculum (1960). Cognitive learning theorist, Jerome Bruner based the spiral curriculum on his idea that ” We begin with the hypothesis that any subject can be taught in some intellectually honest form to any child at any stage of development” . In other words, he Read more…
View All Theories Robert Mills Gagné was an American educational psychologist who, in 1965 published his book “The Conditions of Learning”. In it, he discusses the analysis of learning objectives and how the different classes of objective require specific teaching methods. He called these his 5 conditions of learning, all Read more…
View All Theories In 1956, American educational psychologist, Benjamin Bloom, first proposed three domains of learning; cognitive, affective and psycho-motor . Bloom worked in collaboration with David Krathwohl and Anne Harrow throughout the 1950s-70s on the three domains. The Cognitive Domain (Bloom’s Taxonomy). This was the first domain to be Read more…